The Social Construction of Reality: Junior High School Students Brawl in Balaraja Tangerang
Konstruksi atas Realitas Sosial Tawuran Antar-Pelajar Sekolah Menengah Atas di Balarajakabupaten Tangerang
Abstract
This study aims to explore the condition of education caused by brawls at the high school level. The research uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques: observation, interviews, and document studies. The results of the study show that students who engage in brawls can be caused by environmental factors, school, and social friends. Student brawls carried out together with peers are in the form of influences from outside the environment (externalization). Indirectly school is a factor in the occurrence of brawls. Schools are places where children with the same characteristics as “peer brawls” (objectivation) gather. In this case the socialization carried out by the child of the student brawl is with social friends which greatly influences one's personality (internalization). By using Peter L. Berger's conception of prevention that can be done, among others, socializing the dangers and negative effects of brawls by formal institutions. As well as countermeasures by giving strict sanctions or punishments that can provide a deterrent effect based on the country's positive law.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kondisi pendidikan yang diakibatkan tawuran di tingkat sekolah menengah atas (SMA). Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelajar yang melakukan tawuran dapat disebabkan oleh faktor lingkungan, sekolah, dan teman pergaulan. Tawuran pelajar yang dilakukan bersama-sama dengan peer berbentuk pengaruh dari luar lingkungan (eksternalisasi). Secara tidak langsung sekolah elemen faktor terjadinya tawuran. Sekolah menjadi wadah berkumpulnya anak-anak dengan karakteristik sama “peer tawuran” (objektivasi). Dalam hal ini sosialisasi yang dilakukan oleh anak pelaku tawuran pelajar adalah dengan teman pergaulan yang sangat memengaruhi kepribadian seseorang (internalisasi). Dengan menggunakan konsepsi dari Peter L. Berger pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan di antarnya, mensosialisasikan bahaya dan dampak negatif dari tawuran oleh institusi formal. Serta penanggulangan dengan memberi sanksi tegas atau hukuman yang dapat memberikan efek jera berdasarkan hukum positif negara.
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